Radium is formed when uranium and thorium undergo radioactive decay in the environment. Radium emits energy in the form of alpha particles. Radium in drinking water is of primary concern because this radiation may cause cancer, kidney damage and birth defects. Additionally, the decay of radium into radon presents another contaminant of health concern in drinking water as well as in the air.
Radium is not necessary for living organisms, and adverse health effects are likely when it is incorporated into biochemical processes because of its radioactivity and chemical reactivity. Currently, other than its use in nuclear medicine, radium has no commercial applications. It was formerly used as a radioactive source for luminescent devices such as clock and watch faces.
Treatment Methods Include Cation Exchange Softening, Reverse Osmosis Filtration Systems, Distillation and Lime Softening.